---
syntax: markdown
tags: [tldr, common]
source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
---
# sudo

> Execute a single command as the superuser or another user.
> See also: `pkexec`, `run0`, `doas`.
> More information: <https://www.sudo.ws/sudo.html>.

- Run a command as the superuser:

`sudo {{less /var/log/syslog}}`

- Edit a file as the superuser with your default editor:

`sudo {{[-e|--edit]}} {{/etc/fstab}}`

- Run a command as another user and/or group:

`sudo {{[-u|--user]}} {{user}} {{[-g|--group]}} {{group}} {{id -a}}`

- Repeat the last command prefixed with `sudo` (only in Bash, Zsh, etc.):

`sudo !!`

- Launch the default shell with superuser privileges and run login-specific files (`.profile`, `.bash_profile`, etc.):

`sudo {{[-i|--login]}}`

- Launch the default shell with superuser privileges without changing the environment:

`sudo {{[-s|--shell]}}`

- Launch the default shell as the specified user, loading the user's environment and reading login-specific files (`.profile`, `.bash_profile`, etc.):

`sudo {{[-i|--login]}} {{[-u|--user]}} {{user}}`

- List the allowed (and forbidden) commands for the invoking user:

`sudo {{[-ll|--list --list]}}`
