Update cheatsheets

tldr/linux/blkdiscard

@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Securely discard all blocks on a device, removing all data:
 
-`blkdiscard --secure {{/dev/device}}`
+`blkdiscard {{[-s|--secure]}} {{/dev/device}}`
 
 - Discard the first 100 MB of a device:
 
-`blkdiscard --length {{100MB}} {{/dev/device}}`
+`blkdiscard {{[-l|--length]}} {{100MB}} {{/dev/device}}`

tldr/linux/blkid

@@ -14,4 +14,4 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - List all partitions in a table, including current mountpoints:
 
-`sudo blkid -o list`
+`sudo blkid {{[-o|--output]}} list`

tldr/linux/cfdisk

@@ -14,4 +14,4 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Create a new partition table for a specific device and manage it:
 
-`cfdisk --zero {{/dev/sdX}}`
+`cfdisk {{[-z|--zero]}} {{/dev/sdX}}`

tldr/linux/chcpu

@@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Disable one or more CPUs by their IDs:
 
-`chcpu -d {{1,3}}`
+`chcpu {{[-d|--disable]}} {{1,3}}`
 
 - Enable one or more ranges of CPUs by their IDs:
 
-`chcpu -e {{1-3,5-7}}`
+`chcpu {{[-e|--enable]}} {{1-3,5-7}}`

tldr/linux/choom

@@ -10,12 +10,12 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Display the OOM-killer score of the process with a specific ID:
 
-`choom -p {{pid}}`
+`choom {{[-p|--pid]}} {{pid}}`
 
 - Change the adjust OOM-killer score of a specific process:
 
-`choom -p {{pid}} -n {{-1000..+1000}}`
+`choom {{[-p|--pid]}} {{pid}} {{[-n|--adjust]}} {{-1000..+1000}}`
 
 - Run a command with a specific adjust OOM-killer score:
 
-`choom -n {{-1000..+1000}} {{command}} {{argument1 argument2 ...}}`
+`choom {{[-n|--adjust]}} {{-1000..+1000}} {{command}} {{argument1 argument2 ...}}`

tldr/linux/chrt

@@ -10,20 +10,20 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Display attributes of a process:
 
-`chrt --pid {{PID}}`
+`chrt {{[-p|--pid]}} {{PID}}`
 
 - Display attributes of all threads of a process:
 
-`chrt --all-tasks --pid {{PID}}`
+`chrt {{[-a|--all-tasks]}} {{[-p|--pid]}} {{PID}}`
 
 - Display the min/max priority values that can be used with `chrt`:
 
-`chrt --max`
+`chrt {{[-m|--max]}}`
 
 - Set the scheduling priority of a process:
 
-`chrt --pid {{priority}} {{PID}}`
+`chrt {{[-p|--pid]}} {{priority}} {{PID}}`
 
 - Set the scheduling policy of a process:
 
-`chrt --{{deadline|idle|batch|rr|fifo|other}} --pid {{priority}} {{PID}}`
+`chrt --{{deadline|idle|batch|rr|fifo|other}} {{[-p|--pid]}} {{priority}} {{PID}}`

tldr/linux/column

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+---
+syntax: markdown
+tags: [tldr, linux]
+source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
+---
+# column
+
+> Format `stdin` or a file into multiple columns.
+> Columns are filled before rows; the default separator is a whitespace.
+> More information: <https://manned.org/column>.
+
+- Format the output of a command for a 30 characters wide display:
+
+`printf "header1 header2
+bar foo
+" | column {{[-c|--output-width]}} {{30}}`
+
+- Split columns automatically and auto-align them in a tabular format:
+
+`printf "header1 header2
+bar foo
+" | column {{[-t|--table]}}`
+
+- Specify the column delimiter character for the `--table` option (e.g. "," for CSV) (defaults to whitespace):
+
+`printf "header1,header2
+bar,foo
+" | column {{[-t|--table]}} {{[-s|--separator]}} {{,}}`
+
+- Fill rows before filling columns:
+
+`printf "header1
+bar
+foobar
+" | column {{[-c|--output-width]}} {{30}} {{[-x|--fillrows]}}`

tldr/linux/fallocate

@@ -11,12 +11,12 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Reserve a file taking up 700 MiB of disk space:
 
-`fallocate --length {{700M}} {{path/to/file}}`
+`fallocate {{[-l|--length]}} {{700M}} {{path/to/file}}`
 
 - Shrink an already allocated file by 200 MiB:
 
-`fallocate --collapse-range --length {{200M}} {{path/to/file}}`
+`fallocate {{[-c|--collapse-range]}} {{[-l|--length]}} {{200M}} {{path/to/file}}`
 
 - Shrink 20 MB of space after 100 MiB in a file:
 
-`fallocate --collapse-range --offset {{100M}} --length {{20M}} {{path/to/file}}`
+`fallocate {{[-c|--collapse-range]}} {{[-o|--offset]}} {{100M}} {{[-l|--length]}} {{20M}} {{path/to/file}}`

tldr/linux/findmnt

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Find filesystems in specific type:
 
-`findmnt -t {{ext4}}`
+`findmnt {{[-t|--types]}} {{ext4}}`
 
 - Find filesystems with specific label:
 
@@ -30,4 +30,4 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Check mount table content in detail and verify `/etc/fstab`:
 
-`findmnt --verify --verbose`
+`findmnt {{[-x|--verify]}} --verbose`

tldr/linux/flock

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+---
+syntax: markdown
+tags: [tldr, linux]
+source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
+---
+# flock
+
+> Manage locks from shell scripts.
+> It can be used to ensure that only one process of a command is running.
+> More information: <https://manned.org/flock>.
+
+- Run a command with a file lock as soon as the lock is not required by others:
+
+`flock {{path/to/lock.lock}} {{[-c|--command]}} "{{command}}"`
+
+- Run a command with a file lock, and exit if the lock doesn't exist:
+
+`flock {{path/to/lock.lock}} {{[-n|--nonblock]}} {{[-c|--command]}} "{{command}}"`
+
+- Run a command with a file lock, and exit with a specific error code if the lock doesn't exist:
+
+`flock {{path/to/lock.lock}} {{[-n|--nonblock]}} {{[-E|--conflict-exit-code]}} {{error_code}} {{[-c|--command]}} "{{command}}"`

tldr/linux/fstrim

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Trim unused blocks on all mounted partitions that support it:
 
-`sudo fstrim --all`
+`sudo fstrim {{[-a|--all]}}`
 
 - Trim unused blocks on a specified partition:
 
@@ -19,4 +19,4 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Display statistics after trimming:
 
-`sudo fstrim --verbose {{/}}`
+`sudo fstrim {{[-v|--verbose]}} {{/}}`

tldr/linux/hexdump

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+---
+syntax: markdown
+tags: [tldr, linux]
+source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
+---
+# hexdump
+
+> An ASCII, decimal, hexadecimal, octal dump.
+> More information: <https://manned.org/hexdump>.
+
+- Print the hexadecimal representation of a file, replacing duplicate lines by '*':
+
+`hexdump {{path/to/file}}`
+
+- Display the input offset in hexadecimal and its ASCII representation in two columns:
+
+`hexdump {{[-C|--canonical]}} {{path/to/file}}`
+
+- Display the hexadecimal representation of a file, but interpret only n bytes of the input:
+
+`hexdump {{[-C|--canonical]}} {{[-n|--length]}} {{number_of_bytes}} {{path/to/file}}`
+
+- Don't replace duplicate lines with '*':
+
+`hexdump {{[-v|--no-squeezing]}} {{path/to/file}}`

tldr/linux/hwclock

@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Write the current software clock time to the hardware clock (sometimes used during system setup):
 
-`hwclock --systohc`
+`hwclock {{[-w|--systohc]}}`
 
 - Write the current hardware clock time to the software clock:
 
-`hwclock --hctosys`
+`hwclock {{[-s|--hctosys]}}`

tldr/linux/ipcrm

@@ -10,28 +10,28 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Delete a shared memory segment by ID:
 
-`ipcrm --shmem-id {{shmem_id}}`
+`ipcrm {{[-m|--shmem-id]}} {{shmem_id}}`
 
 - Delete a shared memory segment by key:
 
-`ipcrm --shmem-key {{shmem_key}}`
+`ipcrm {{[-M|--shmem-key]}} {{shmem_key}}`
 
 - Delete an IPC queue by ID:
 
-`ipcrm --queue-id {{ipc_queue_id}}`
+`ipcrm {{[-q|--queue-id]}} {{ipc_queue_id}}`
 
 - Delete an IPC queue by key:
 
-`ipcrm --queue-key {{ipc_queue_key}}`
+`ipcrm {{[-Q|--queue-key]}} {{ipc_queue_key}}`
 
 - Delete a semaphore by ID:
 
-`ipcrm --semaphore-id {{semaphore_id}}`
+`ipcrm {{[-s|--semaphore-id]}} {{semaphore_id}}`
 
 - Delete a semaphore by key:
 
-`ipcrm --semaphore-key {{semaphore_key}}`
+`ipcrm {{[-S|--semaphore-key]}} {{semaphore_key}}`
 
 - Delete all IPC resources:
 
-`ipcrm --all`
+`ipcrm {{[-a|--all]}}`

tldr/linux/isosize

@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Display the block count and block size of an ISO file:
 
-`isosize --sectors {{path/to/file.iso}}`
+`isosize {{[-x|--sectors]}} {{path/to/file.iso}}`
 
 - Display the size of an ISO file divided by a given number (only usable when --sectors is not given):
 
-`isosize --divisor={{number}} {{path/to/file.iso}}`
+`isosize {{[-d|--divisor]}} {{number}} {{path/to/file.iso}}`

tldr/linux/last

@@ -5,11 +5,10 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 ---
 # last
 
-> List information of last user logins.
-> See also: `lastb`, `login`.
-> More information: <https://manned.org/last.1>.
+> View the last logged in users.
+> More information: <https://manned.org/last>.
 
-- List login information (e.g., username, terminal, boot time, kernel) of all users:
+- View last login infromation (e.g., username, terminal, boot time, kernel) of all users as read from `/var/log/wtmp`:
 
 `last`
 
@@ -17,26 +16,26 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 `last {{username}}`
 
-- List information of a specific TTY:
+- Specify how many of the last logins to show:
 
-`last {{tty1}}`
+`last {{[-n|--limit]}} {{login_count}}`
 
-- List most recent information (by default, the newest are at the top):
+- Print the full date and time for entries and then display the hostname column last to prevent truncation:
 
-`last | tac`
+`last {{[-F|--fulltimes]}} {{[-a|--hostlast]}}`
 
-- List information of system boots:
+- View all logins by a specific user and show the IP address instead of the hostname:
 
-`last "{{system boot}}"`
+`last {{username}} {{[-i|--ip]}}`
 
-- List information with a specific [t]imestamp format:
+- List information since a specific time and date:
 
-`last --time-format {{notime|full|iso}}`
+`last {{[-s|--since]}} {{-7days}}`
 
-- List information [s]ince a specific time and date:
+- View all recorded reboots (i.e., the last logins of the pseudo user "reboot"):
 
-`last --since {{-7days}}`
+`last reboot`
 
-- List information (i.e., hostname and IP) of remote hosts:
+- Display help:
 
-`last --dns`
+`last {{[-h|--help]}}`

tldr/linux/lastb

@@ -14,16 +14,16 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - List all last logged in users since a given time:
 
-`sudo lastb --since {{YYYY-MM-DD}}`
+`sudo lastb {{[-s|--since]}} {{YYYY-MM-DD}}`
 
 - List all last logged in users until a given time:
 
-`sudo lastb --until {{YYYY-MM-DD}}`
+`sudo lastb {{[-t|--until]}} {{YYYY-MM-DD}}`
 
 - List all logged in users at a specific time:
 
-`sudo lastb --present {{hh:mm}}`
+`sudo lastb {{[-p|--present]}} {{hh:mm}}`
 
 - List all last logged in users and translate the IP into a hostname:
 
-`sudo lastb --dns`
+`sudo lastb {{[-d|--dns]}}`

tldr/linux/logger

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+---
+syntax: markdown
+tags: [tldr, linux]
+source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
+---
+# logger
+
+> Add messages to syslog (/var/log/syslog).
+> More information: <https://manned.org/logger>.
+
+- Log a message to syslog:
+
+`logger {{message}}`
+
+- Take input from `stdin` and log to syslog:
+
+`echo {{log_entry}} | logger`
+
+- Send the output to a remote syslog server running at a given port. Default port is 514:
+
+`echo {{log_entry}} | logger {{[-n|--server]}} {{hostname}} {{[-P|--port]}} {{port}}`
+
+- Use a specific tag for every line logged. Default is the name of logged in user:
+
+`echo {{log_entry}} | logger {{[-t|--tag]}} {{tag}}`
+
+- Log messages with a given priority. Default is `user.notice`. See `man logger` for all priority options:
+
+`echo {{log_entry}} | logger {{[-p|--priority]}} {{user.warning}}`

tldr/linux/losetup

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - List loop devices with detailed info:
 
-`losetup -a`
+`losetup {{[-a|--all]}}`
 
 - Attach a file to a given loop device:
 
@@ -18,16 +18,16 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Attach a file to a new free loop device and scan the device for partitions:
 
-`sudo losetup --show --partscan -f /{{path/to/file}}`
+`sudo losetup --show {{[-P|--partscan]}} {{[-f|--find]}} /{{path/to/file}}`
 
 - Attach a file to a read-only loop device:
 
-`sudo losetup --read-only {{/dev/loop}} /{{path/to/file}}`
+`sudo losetup {{[-r|--read-only]}} {{/dev/loop}} /{{path/to/file}}`
 
 - Detach all loop devices:
 
-`sudo losetup -D`
+`sudo losetup {{[-D|--detach-all]}}`
 
 - Detach a given loop device:
 
-`sudo losetup -d {{/dev/loop}}`
+`sudo losetup {{[-d|--detach]}} {{/dev/loop}}`

tldr/linux/lslocks

@@ -14,16 +14,16 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - List locks with defined column headers:
 
-`lslocks --output {{PID}},{{COMMAND}},{{PATH}}`
+`lslocks {{[-o|--output]}} {{PID}},{{COMMAND}},{{PATH}}`
 
 - List locks producing a raw output (no columns), and without column headers:
 
-`lslocks --raw --noheadings`
+`lslocks {{[-r|--raw]}} {{[-n|--noheadings]}}`
 
 - List locks by PID input:
 
-`lslocks --pid {{PID}}`
+`lslocks {{[-p|--pid]}} {{PID}}`
 
 - List locks with JSON output to `stdout`:
 
-`lslocks --json`
+`lslocks {{[-J|--json]}}`

tldr/linux/lsns

@@ -14,16 +14,16 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - List namespaces in JSON format:
 
-`lsns --json`
+`lsns {{[-J|--json]}}`
 
 - List namespaces associated with the specified process:
 
-`lsns --task {{pid}}`
+`lsns {{[-p|--task]}} {{pid}}`
 
 - List the specified type of namespaces only:
 
-`lsns --type {{mnt|net|ipc|user|pid|uts|cgroup|time}}`
+`lsns {{[-t|--type]}} {{mnt|net|ipc|user|pid|uts|cgroup|time}}`
 
 - List namespaces, only showing the namespace ID, type, PID, and command:
 
-`lsns --output {{NS,TYPE,PID,COMMAND}}`
+`lsns {{[-o|--output]}} {{NS,TYPE,PID,COMMAND}}`

tldr/linux/mcookie

@@ -14,12 +14,12 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Generate a random number, using the contents of a file as a seed for the randomness:
 
-`mcookie --file {{path/to/file}}`
+`mcookie {{[-f|--file]}} {{path/to/file}}`
 
 - Generate a random number, using a specific number of bytes from a file as a seed for the randomness:
 
-`mcookie --file {{path/to/file}} --max-size {{number_of_bytes}}`
+`mcookie {{[-f|--file]}} {{path/to/file}} {{[-m|--max-size]}} {{number_of_bytes}}`
 
 - Print the details of the randomness used, such as the origin and seed for each source:
 
-`mcookie --verbose`
+`mcookie {{[-v|--verbose]}}`

tldr/linux/mkfs

@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Build a filesystem of a specified type:
 
-`mkfs -t {{ext4}} {{path/to/partition}}`
+`mkfs {{[-t|--type]}} {{ext4}} {{path/to/partition}}`
 
 - Build a filesystem of a specified type and check for bad blocks:
 
-`mkfs -c -t {{ntfs}} {{path/to/partition}}`
+`mkfs -c {{[-t|--type]}} {{ntfs}} {{path/to/partition}}`

tldr/linux/mkswap

@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Check a partition for bad blocks before creating the swap area:
 
-`sudo mkswap -c {{path/to/file}}`
+`sudo mkswap {{[-c|--check]}} {{path/to/file}}`
 
 - Specify a label for the partition (to allow `swapon` to use the label):
 
-`sudo mkswap -L {{label}} {{/dev/sda1}}`
+`sudo mkswap {{[-L|--label]}} {{label}} {{/dev/sda1}}`

tldr/linux/mount

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+---
+syntax: markdown
+tags: [tldr, linux]
+source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
+---
+# mount
+
+> Get access to an entire filesystem in one directory.
+> More information: <https://manned.org/mount.8>.
+
+- Show all mounted filesystems:
+
+`mount`
+
+- Mount a device to a directory:
+
+`mount {{[-t|--types]}} {{filesystem_type}} {{path/to/device_file}} {{path/to/target_directory}}`
+
+- Create a specific directory if it does not exist and mount a device to it:
+
+`mount {{[-m|--mkdir]}} {{path/to/device_file}} {{path/to/target_directory}}`
+
+- Mount a device to a directory for a specific user:
+
+`mount {{[-o|--options]}} uid={{user_id}},gid={{group_id}} {{path/to/device_file}} {{path/to/target_directory}}`
+
+- Mount a CD-ROM device (with the filetype ISO9660) to `/cdrom` (readonly):
+
+`mount {{[-t|--types]}} {{iso9660}} {{[-o|--options]}} ro {{/dev/cdrom}} {{/cdrom}}`
+
+- Mount all the filesystem defined in `/etc/fstab`:
+
+`mount {{[-a|--all]}}`
+
+- Mount a specific filesystem described in `/etc/fstab` (e.g. `/dev/sda1 /my_drive ext2 defaults 0 2`):
+
+`mount {{/my_drive}}`
+
+- Mount a directory to another directory:
+
+`mount {{[-B|--bind]}} {{path/to/old_dir}} {{path/to/new_dir}}`

tldr/linux/mountpoint

@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Check if a directory is a mountpoint without showing any output:
 
-`mountpoint -q {{path/to/directory}}`
+`mountpoint {{[-q|--quiet]}} {{path/to/directory}}`
 
 - Show major/minor numbers of a mountpoint's filesystem:
 
-`mountpoint --fs-devno {{path/to/directory}}`
+`mountpoint {{[-d|--fs-devno]}} {{path/to/directory}}`

tldr/linux/namei

@@ -15,16 +15,16 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Display the results in a long-listing format:
 
-`namei --long {{path/to/a}} {{path/to/b}} {{path/to/c}}`
+`namei {{[-l|--long]}} {{path/to/a}} {{path/to/b}} {{path/to/c}}`
 
 - Show the mode bits of each file type in the style of `ls`:
 
-`namei --modes {{path/to/a}} {{path/to/b}} {{path/to/c}}`
+`namei {{[-m|--modes]}} {{path/to/a}} {{path/to/b}} {{path/to/c}}`
 
 - Show owner and group name of each file:
 
-`namei --owners {{path/to/a}} {{path/to/b}} {{path/to/c}}`
+`namei {{[-o|--owners]}} {{path/to/a}} {{path/to/b}} {{path/to/c}}`
 
 - Don't follow symlinks while resolving:
 
-`namei --nosymlinks {{path/to/a}} {{path/to/b}} {{path/to/c}}`
+`namei {{[-n|--nosymlinks]}} {{path/to/a}} {{path/to/b}} {{path/to/c}}`

tldr/linux/nologin

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Set a user's login shell to `nologin` to prevent the user from logging in:
 
-`chsh -s {{user}} nologin`
+`chsh {{[-s|--shell]}} {{user}} nologin`
 
 - Customize message for users with the login shell of `nologin`:
 

tldr/linux/nsenter

@@ -11,16 +11,16 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Run a specific command using the same namespaces as an existing process:
 
-`nsenter --target {{pid}} --all {{command}} {{command_arguments}}`
+`nsenter {{[-t|--target]}} {{pid}} {{[-a|--all]}} {{command}} {{command_arguments}}`
 
 - Run a specific command in an existing process's mount|UTS|IPC|network|PID|user|cgroup|time namespace:
 
-`nsenter --target {{pid}} --{{mount|uts|ipc|net|pid|user|cgroup}} {{command}} {{command_arguments}}`
+`nsenter {{[-t|--target]}} {{pid}} --{{mount|uts|ipc|net|pid|user|cgroup}} {{command}} {{command_arguments}}`
 
 - Run a specific command in an existing process's UTS, time, and IPC namespaces:
 
-`nsenter --target {{pid}} --uts --time --ipc -- {{command}} {{command_arguments}}`
+`nsenter {{[-t|--target]}} {{pid}} {{[-u|--uts]}} {{[-T|--time]}} {{[-i|--ipc]}} -- {{command}} {{command_arguments}}`
 
 - Run a specific command in an existing process's namespace by referencing procfs:
 
-`nsenter --pid=/proc/{{pid}}/pid/net -- {{command}} {{command_arguments}}`
+`nsenter {{[-p|--pid=]}}/proc/{{pid}}/pid/net -- {{command}} {{command_arguments}}`

tldr/linux/partx

@@ -10,12 +10,12 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - List the partitions on a block device or disk image:
 
-`sudo partx --list {{path/to/device_or_disk_image}}`
+`sudo partx {{[-l|--list]}} {{path/to/device_or_disk_image}}`
 
 - Add all the partitions found in a given block device to the kernel:
 
-`sudo partx --add --verbose {{path/to/device_or_disk_image}}`
+`sudo partx {{[-a|--add]}} {{[-v|--verbose]}} {{path/to/device_or_disk_image}}`
 
 - Delete all the partitions found from the kernel (does not alter partitions on disk):
 
-`sudo partx --delete {{path/to/device_or_disk_image}}`
+`sudo partx {{[-d|--delete]}} {{path/to/device_or_disk_image}}`

tldr/linux/prlimit

@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Display limit values for all current resources of a specified process:
 
-`prlimit --pid {{pid_number}}`
+`prlimit {{[-p|--pid]}} {{pid_number}}`
 
 - Run a command with a custom number of open files limit:
 
-`prlimit --nofile={{10}} {{command}}`
+`prlimit {{[-n|--nofile=]}}{{10}} {{command}}`

tldr/linux/raw

@@ -18,4 +18,4 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Query all bound raw devices:
 
-`raw -qa`
+`raw {{[-qa|--query --all]}}`

tldr/linux/renice

@@ -10,14 +10,18 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 > See also: `nice`.
 > More information: <https://manned.org/renice>.
 
-- Set the absolute priority of a running [p]rocess:
+- Set the absolute priority of a running process:
 
-`renice {{+3}} -p {{pid}}`
+`renice --priority {{3}} {{[-p|--pid]}} {{pid}}`
 
-- Increase/decrease the priority of all processes owned by a [u]ser:
+- Increase the priority of a running process:
 
-`renice --relative {{-4}} -u {{uid|user}}`
+`sudo renice --relative {{-4}} {{[-p|--pid]}} {{pid}}`
 
-- Set the priority of all processes that belong to a process [g]roup:
+- Decrease the priority of all processes owned by a user:
 
-`renice --absolute {{5}} -g {{process_group}}`
+`renice --relative {{4}} {{[-u|--user]}} {{uid|user}}`
+
+- Set the priority of all processes that belong to a process group:
+
+`sudo renice {{-5}} {{[-g|--pgrp]}} {{process_group}}`

tldr/linux/rfkill

@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Filter by columns:
 
-`rfkill -o {{ID,TYPE,DEVICE}}`
+`rfkill {{[-o|--output]}} {{ID,TYPE,DEVICE}}`
 
 - Block devices by type (e.g. bluetooth, wlan):
 
@@ -26,4 +26,4 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Output in JSON format:
 
-`rfkill -J`
+`rfkill {{[-J|--json]}}`

tldr/linux/rtcwake

@@ -10,24 +10,24 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Show whether an alarm is set or not:
 
-`sudo rtcwake -m show -v`
+`sudo rtcwake {{[-m|--mode]}} show {{[-v|--verbose]}}`
 
 - Suspend to RAM and wakeup after 10 seconds:
 
-`sudo rtcwake -m mem -s {{10}}`
+`sudo rtcwake {{[-m|--mode]}} mem {{[-s|--seconds]}} {{10}}`
 
 - Suspend to disk (higher power saving) and wakeup 15 minutes later:
 
-`sudo rtcwake -m disk --date +{{15}}min`
+`sudo rtcwake {{[-m|--mode]}} disk --date +{{15}}min`
 
 - Freeze the system (more efficient than suspend-to-RAM but version 3.9 or newer of the Linux kernel is required) and wakeup at a given date and time:
 
-`sudo rtcwake -m freeze --date {{YYYYMMDDhhmm}}`
+`sudo rtcwake {{[-m|--mode]}} freeze --date {{YYYYMMDDhhmm}}`
 
 - Disable a previously set alarm:
 
-`sudo rtcwake -m disable`
+`sudo rtcwake {{[-m|--mode]}} disable`
 
 - Perform a dry run to wakeup the computer at a given time. (Press `<Ctrl c>` to abort):
 
-`sudo rtcwake -m on --date {{hh:ss}}`
+`sudo rtcwake {{[-m|--mode]}} on --date {{hh:ss}}`

tldr/linux/runuser

@@ -10,20 +10,20 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Run command as a different user:
 
-`runuser {{user}} -c '{{command}}'`
+`runuser {{user}} {{[-c|--command]}} '{{command}}'`
 
 - Run command as a different user and group:
 
-`runuser {{user}} -g {{group}} -c '{{command}}'`
+`runuser {{user}} {{[-g|--group]}} {{group}} {{[-c|--command]}} '{{command}}'`
 
 - Start a login shell as a specific user:
 
-`runuser {{user}} -l`
+`runuser {{user}} {{[-l|--login]}}`
 
 - Specify a shell for running instead of the default shell (also works for login):
 
-`runuser {{user}} -s {{/bin/sh}}`
+`runuser {{user}} {{[-s|--shell]}} {{/bin/sh}}`
 
 - Preserve the entire environment of root (only if `--login` is not specified):
 
-`runuser {{user}} --preserve-environment -c '{{command}}'`
+`runuser {{user}} {{[-p|--preserve-environment]}} {{[-c|--command]}} '{{command}}'`

tldr/linux/script

@@ -5,25 +5,37 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 ---
 # script
 
-> Record all terminal output to file.
+> Record all terminal output to a typescript file.
 > More information: <https://manned.org/script>.
 
 - Record a new session to a file named `typescript` in the current directory:
 
 `script`
 
+- Stop recording:
+
+`exit`
+
 - Record a new session to a custom filepath:
 
 `script {{path/to/session.out}}`
 
-- Record a new session, appending to an existing file:
+- Append to an existing file:
 
-`script -a {{path/to/session.out}}`
+`script {{[-a|--append]}} {{logfile.log}}`
 
 - Record timing information (data is outputted to `stderr`):
 
-`script -t 2> {{path/to/timing_file}}`
+`script {{[-t|--timing]}} 2> {{path/to/timing_file}}`
 
 - Write out data as soon as it happens:
 
-`script -f {{path/to/file}}`
+`script {{[-f|--flush]}} {{path/to/file}}`
+
+- Execute quietly without start and done messages:
+
+`script {{[-q|--quiet]}} {{logfile.log}}`
+
+- Display help:
+
+`script {{[-h|--help]}}`

tldr/linux/setsid

@@ -19,12 +19,12 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Run a program creating a new process:
 
-`setsid --fork {{program}}`
+`setsid {{[-f|--fork]}} {{program}}`
 
 - Return the exit code of a program as the exit code of setsid when the program exits:
 
-`setsid --wait {{program}}`
+`setsid {{[-w|--wait]}} {{program}}`
 
 - Run a program in a new session setting the current terminal as the controlling terminal:
 
-`setsid --ctty {{program}}`
+`setsid {{[-c|--ctty]}} {{program}}`

tldr/linux/su

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+---
+syntax: markdown
+tags: [tldr, linux]
+source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
+---
+# su
+
+> Switch shell to another user.
+> More information: <https://manned.org/su>.
+
+- Switch to superuser (requires the root password):
+
+`su`
+
+- Switch to a given user (requires the user's password):
+
+`su {{username}}`
+
+- Switch to a given user and simulate a full login shell:
+
+`su - {{username}}`
+
+- Execute a command as another user:
+
+`su - {{username}} {{[-c|--command]}} "{{command}}"`

tldr/linux/swapoff

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 > Disable devices and files for swapping.
 > Note: `path/to/file` can either point to a regular file or a swap partition.
-> More information: <https://manned.org/swapoff>.
+> More information: <https://manned.org/swapoff.8>.
 
 - Disable a given swap area:
 
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Disable all swap areas in `/proc/swaps`:
 
-`swapoff --all`
+`swapoff {{[-a|--all]}}`
 
 - Disable a swap partition by its label:
 

tldr/linux/swapon

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 > Enable devices and files for swapping.
 > Note: `path/to/file` can either point to a regular file or a swap partition.
-> More information: <https://manned.org/swapon>.
+> More information: <https://manned.org/swapon.8>.
 
 - Show swap information:
 
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Enable all swap areas specified in `/etc/fstab` except those with the `noauto` option:
 
-`swapon --all`
+`swapon {{[-a|--all]}}`
 
 - Enable a swap partition by its label:
 

tldr/linux/switch_root

@@ -16,4 +16,4 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Display help:
 
-`switch_root -h`
+`switch_root {{[-h|--help]}}`

tldr/linux/taskset

@@ -10,20 +10,20 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Get a running process' CPU affinity by PID:
 
-`taskset --pid --cpu-list {{pid}}`
+`taskset {{[-p|--pid]}} {{[-c|--cpu-list]}} {{pid}}`
 
 - Set a running process' CPU affinity by PID:
 
-`taskset --pid --cpu-list {{cpu_id}} {{pid}}`
+`taskset {{[-p|--pid]}} {{[-c|--cpu-list]}} {{cpu_id}} {{pid}}`
 
 - Start a new process with affinity for a single CPU:
 
-`taskset --cpu-list {{cpu_id}} {{command}}`
+`taskset {{[-c|--cpu-list]}} {{cpu_id}} {{command}}`
 
 - Start a new process with affinity for multiple non-sequential CPUs:
 
-`taskset --cpu-list {{cpu_id_1}},{{cpu_id_2}},{{cpu_id_3}}`
+`taskset {{[-c|--cpu-list]}} {{cpu_id_1}},{{cpu_id_2}},{{cpu_id_3}}`
 
 - Start a new process with affinity for CPUs 1 through 4:
 
-`taskset --cpu-list {{cpu_id_1}}-{{cpu_id_4}}`
+`taskset {{[-c|--cpu-list]}} {{cpu_id_1}}-{{cpu_id_4}}`

tldr/linux/ul

@@ -15,4 +15,4 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Display the contents of the file with underlines made of dashes `-`:
 
-`ul -i {{file.txt}}`
+`ul {{[-i|--indicated]}} {{file.txt}}`

tldr/linux/unshare

@@ -6,12 +6,12 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 # unshare
 
 > Execute a command in new user-defined namespaces.
-> More information: <https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/userspace-api/unshare.html>.
+> More information: <https://manned.org/unshare>.
 
 - Execute a command without sharing access to connected networks:
 
-`unshare --net {{command}} {{command_arguments}}`
+`unshare {{[-n|--net]}} {{command}} {{command_arguments}}`
 
 - Execute a command as a child process without sharing mounts, processes, or networks:
 
-`unshare --mount --pid --net --fork {{command}} {{command_arguments}}`
+`unshare {{[-m|--mount]}} {{[-i|--pid]}} {{[-n|--net]}} {{[-f|--fork]}} {{command}} {{command_arguments}}`

tldr/linux/utmpdump

@@ -14,4 +14,4 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Load a previously dumped file into `/var/log/wtmp`:
 
-`utmpdump -r {{dumpfile}} > {{/var/log/wtmp}}`
+`utmpdump {{[-r|--reverse]}} {{dumpfile}} > {{/var/log/wtmp}}`

tldr/linux/uuidgen

@@ -11,12 +11,12 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Create a random UUIDv4:
 
-`uuidgen --random`
+`uuidgen {{[-r|--random]}}`
 
 - Create a UUIDv1 based on the current time:
 
-`uuidgen --time`
+`uuidgen {{[-t|--time]}}`
 
 - Create a UUIDv5 of the name with a specified namespace prefix:
 
-`uuidgen --sha1 --namespace {{@dns|@url|@oid|@x500}} --name {{object_name}}`
+`uuidgen {{[-s|--sha1]}} {{[-n|--namespace]}} {{@dns|@url|@oid|@x500}} {{[-N|--name]}} {{object_name}}`

tldr/linux/uuidparse

@@ -19,20 +19,20 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Use the JSON output format:
 
-`uuidparse --json {{uuid1 uuid2 ...}}`
+`uuidparse {{[-J|--json]}} {{uuid1 uuid2 ...}}`
 
 - Do not print a header line:
 
-`uuidparse --noheadings {{uuid1 uuid2 ...}}`
+`uuidparse {{[-n|--noheadings]}} {{uuid1 uuid2 ...}}`
 
 - Use the raw output format:
 
-`uuidparse --raw {{uuid1 uuid2 ...}}`
+`uuidparse {{[-r|--raw]}} {{uuid1 uuid2 ...}}`
 
 - Specify which of the four output columns to print:
 
-`uuidparse --output {{UUID,VARIANT,TYPE,TIME}}`
+`uuidparse {{[-o|--output]}} {{UUID,VARIANT,TYPE,TIME}}`
 
 - Display help:
 
-`uuidparse -h`
+`uuidparse {{[-h|--help]}}`

tldr/linux/vigr

@@ -14,4 +14,4 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Display version:
 
-`vigr --version`
+`vigr {{[-V|--version]}}`

tldr/linux/vipw

@@ -14,4 +14,4 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Display version:
 
-`vipw --version`
+`vipw {{[-V|--version]}}`

tldr/linux/waitpid

@@ -15,16 +15,16 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Sleep for at most `n` seconds:
 
-`waitpid --timeout {{n}} {{pid1 pid2 ...}}`
+`waitpid {{[-t|--timeout]}} {{n}} {{pid1 pid2 ...}}`
 
 - Do not error if specified PIDs have already exited:
 
-`waitpid --exited {{pid1 pid2 ...}}`
+`waitpid {{[-e|--exited]}} {{pid1 pid2 ...}}`
 
 - Sleep until `n` of the specified processes have exited:
 
-`waitpid --count {{n}} {{pid1 pid2 ...}}`
+`waitpid {{[-c|--count]}} {{n}} {{pid1 pid2 ...}}`
 
 - Display help:
 
-`waitpid -h`
+`waitpid {{[-h|--help]}}`

tldr/linux/wdctl

@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Display the watchdog status in a single line in key-value pairs:
 
-`wdctl --oneline`
+`wdctl {{[-O|--oneline]}}`
 
 - Display only specific watchdog flags (list is driver specific):
 
-`wdctl --flags {{flag_list}}`
+`wdctl {{[-f|--flags]}} {{flag_list}}`

tldr/linux/whereis

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+---
+syntax: markdown
+tags: [tldr, linux]
+source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
+---
+# whereis
+
+> Locate the binary, source, and manual page files for a command.
+> More information: <https://manned.org/whereis>.
+
+- Locate binary, source and man pages for SSH:
+
+`whereis {{ssh}}`
+
+- Locate [b]inary and [m]an pages for ls:
+
+`whereis -bm {{ls}}`
+
+- Locate [s]ource of gcc and [m]an pages for Git:
+
+`whereis -s {{gcc}} -m {{git}}`
+
+- Locate [b]inaries for gcc in `/usr/bin/` only:
+
+`whereis -b -B {{/usr/bin/}} -f {{gcc}}`
+
+- Locate [u]nusual binaries (those that have more or less than one binary on the system):
+
+`whereis -u *`
+
+- Locate binaries that have [u]nusual [m]anual entries (binaries that have more or less than one manual installed):
+
+`whereis -u -m *`

tldr/linux/wipefs

@@ -14,16 +14,16 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Wipe all available signature types for a specific device with no recursion into partitions:
 
-`sudo wipefs --all {{/dev/sdX}}`
+`sudo wipefs {{[-a|--all]}} {{/dev/sdX}}`
 
 - Wipe all available signature types for the device and partitions using a glob pattern:
 
-`sudo wipefs --all {{/dev/sdX}}*`
+`sudo wipefs {{[-a|--all]}} {{/dev/sdX}}*`
 
 - Perform dry run:
 
-`sudo wipefs --all --no-act {{/dev/sdX}}`
+`sudo wipefs {{[-a|--all]}} {{[-n|--no-act]}} {{/dev/sdX}}`
 
 - Force wipe, even if the filesystem is mounted:
 
-`sudo wipefs --all --force {{/dev/sdX}}`
+`sudo wipefs {{[-a|--all]}} {{[-f|--force]}} {{/dev/sdX}}`

tldr/linux/write

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+---
+syntax: markdown
+tags: [tldr, linux]
+source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
+---
+# write
+
+> Write a message on the terminal of a specified logged in user (`<Ctrl c>` to stop writing messages).
+> Use the `who` command to find out all terminal_ids of all active users active on the system. See also `mesg`.
+> More information: <https://manned.org/write>.
+
+- Send a message to a given user on a given terminal ID:
+
+`write {{username}} {{terminal_id}}`
+
+- Send message to "testuser" on terminal `/dev/tty/5`:
+
+`write {{testuser}} {{tty/5}}`
+
+- Send message to "johndoe" on pseudo terminal `/dev/pts/5`:
+
+`write {{johndoe}} {{pts/5}}`

tldr/linux/zramctl

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Check if zram is enabled:
 
-`lsmod | grep -i zram`
+`lsmod | grep {{[-i|--ignore-case]}} zram`
 
 - Enable zram with a dynamic number of devices (use `zramctl` to configure devices further):
 
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
 
 - Find and initialize the next free zram device to a 2 GB virtual drive using LZ4 compression:
 
-`sudo zramctl --find --size {{2GB}} --algorithm {{lz4}}`
+`sudo zramctl {{[-f|--find]}} {{[-s|--size]}} {{2GB}} {{[-a|--algorithm]}} {{lz4}}`
 
 - List currently initialized devices: