Update cheatsheets

This commit is contained in:
ivuorinen
2025-12-17 00:21:28 +00:00
parent 0881b6bcab
commit bda9e5a061
43 changed files with 339 additions and 67 deletions

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@@ -10,9 +10,13 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
> See also: `test`.
> More information: <https://gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bash.html#index-test>.
- Test if a given variable is equal/not equal to the specified string:
- Test if a given variable is equal to the specified string:
`[ "${{variable}}" {{=|!=}} "{{string}}" ]`
`[ "${{variable}}" = "{{string}}" ]`
- Test if a given variable is not equal to the specified string:
`[ "${{variable}}" != "{{string}}" ]`
- Test if a given variable is [eq]ual/[n]ot [e]qual/[g]reater [t]han/[l]ess [t]han/[g]reater than or [e]qual/[l]ess than or [e]qual to the specified number:

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> Returns a status of 0 if the condition evaluates to true, 1 if it evaluates to false.
> More information: <https://gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bash.html#index-_005b_005b>.
- Test if a given variable is equal/not equal to the specified string:
- Test if a given variable is equal to the specified string or glob:
`[[ ${{variable}} {{==|!=}} "{{string}}" ]]`
`[[ ${{variable}} == "{{string}}" ]]`
- Test if a given string conforms the specified glob/`regex`:
- Test if a given string conforms the specified `regex`:
`[[ ${{variable}} {{==|=~}} {{pattern}} ]]`
`[[ ${{variable}} =~ {{pattern}} ]]`
- Test if a given variable is [eq]ual/[n]ot [e]qual/[g]reater [t]han/[l]ess [t]han/[g]reater than or [e]qual/[l]ess than or [e]qual to the specified number:

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---
# bg
> Resume suspended jobs (e.g. using `<Ctrl z>`), and keeps them running in the background.
> Resume suspended jobs (e.g. using `<Ctrl z>`), and keep them running in the background.
> See also: `jobs`, `fg`, `disown`.
> More information: <https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bash.html#index-bg>.

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---
# command
> Command forces the shell to execute the program and ignore any functions, builtins and aliases with the same name.
> Force the shell to execute the program and ignore any functions, builtins, and aliases with the same name.
> More information: <https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bash.html#index-command>.
- Execute the `ls` program literally, even if an `ls` alias exists:

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---
# continue
> Skip to the next iteration of a `for`, `while`, `until` or `select` loop.
> Skip to the next iteration of a `for`, `while`, `until`, or `select` loop.
> More information: <https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bash.html#index-continue>.
- Skip to the next iteration:

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`crane tag {{image}} {{tag}}`
- Efficiently copy a remote image from `src` to `dst` while retaining the digest value:
- Efficiently copy a remote image while retaining the digest value:
`crane copy src dst {{[-a|--all-tags]}}`
`crane {{[cp|copy]}} {{source}} {{destination}} {{[-a|--all-tags]}}`
- Delete an image reference from its registry:

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@@ -10,20 +10,20 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
- Copy an image from source to target:
`crane copy {{source}} {{target}}`
`crane {{[cp|copy]}} {{source}} {{target}}`
- Copy all tags:
`crane copy {{source}} {{target}} {{[-a|--all-tags]}}`
`crane {{[cp|copy]}} {{source}} {{target}} {{[-a|--all-tags]}}`
- Set the maximum number of concurrent copies, defaults to GOMAXPROCS:
`crane copy {{source}} {{target}} {{[-j|--jobs]}} {{int}}`
`crane {{[cp|copy]}} {{source}} {{target}} {{[-j|--jobs]}} {{int}}`
- Avoid overwriting existing tags in target:
`crane copy {{source}} {{target}} {{[-n|--no-clobber]}}`
`crane {{[cp|copy]}} {{source}} {{target}} {{[-n|--no-clobber]}}`
- Display help:
`crane copy {{[-h|--help]}}`
`crane {{[cp|copy]}} {{[-h|--help]}}`

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@@ -15,3 +15,7 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
- Disable a builtin (works in Bash only):
`enable -n {{command}}`
- Re-enable a builtin:
`enable {{command}}`

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# exo
> Manage the Exoscale services.
> Some subcommands such as `exo compute` have their own usage documentation.
> Some subcommands such as `compute` have their own usage documentation.
> More information: <https://community.exoscale.com/tools/command-line-interface/>.
- Configure the exo command-line:

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# false
> Returns a non-zero exit code.
> More information: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/false-invocation.html>.
> See also: `true`.
> More information: <https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bash.html#index-false>.
- Return a non-zero exit code:
`false`
- Make a command always exit with 1:
`{{command}} && false`

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---
# fc
> Open the most recent command for editing and then run it.
> Open the recent commands for editing and then run them.
> See also: `history`.
> More information: <https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bash.html#index-fc>.
- Open the last command in the default system editor and run it after editing:

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# fg
> Run jobs in foreground.
> See also: `jobs`, `bg`, `disown`.
> See also: `jobs`, `bg`, `disown`, `%`.
> More information: <https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bash.html#index-fg>.
- Bring most recently suspended or running background job to foreground:

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> Perform a command several times.
> More information: <https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bash.html#Looping-Constructs>.
- Iterate through command line arguments:
- Iterate through command line parameters:
`for {{variable}}; do {{echo $variable}}; done`

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> Tools to interact with a server via File Transfer Protocol.
> More information: <https://manned.org/ftp>.
- Connect to an FTP server:
- Connect to an FTP server and run in interactive mode:
`ftp {{ftp.example.com}}`
@@ -16,26 +16,26 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
`ftp {{ip_address}} {{port}}`
- Switch to binary transfer mode (graphics, compressed files, etc):
- [Interactive] Switch to binary transfer mode (graphics, compressed files, etc):
`binary`
- Transfer multiple files without prompting for confirmation on every file:
- [Interactive] Transfer multiple files without prompting for confirmation on every file:
`prompt off`
- Download multiple files (glob expression):
- [Interactive] Download multiple files (glob expression):
`mget {{*.png}}`
- Upload multiple files (glob expression):
- [Interactive] Upload multiple files (glob expression):
`mput {{*.zip}}`
- Delete multiple files on the remote server:
- [Interactive] Delete multiple files on the remote server:
`mdelete {{*.txt}}`
- Rename a file on the remote server:
- [Interactive] Rename a file on the remote server:
`rename {{original_filename}} {{new_filename}}`

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# getopts
> Parse shell options from arguments.
> This command does not support longform options and thus using `getopt` is recommended instead.
> Note: This command does not support longform options and thus using `getopt` is recommended instead.
> More information: <https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bash.html#index-getopts>.
- Check if an option is the first set option in the current context:

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> A lightweight keyboard-only TUI for Git.
> See also: `tig`, `git-gui`.
> More information: <https://github.com/extrawurst/gitui>.
> More information: <https://github.com/gitui-org/gitui>.
- Specify the color theme (defaults to `theme.ron`):
- Start `gitui` for the repository in the current directory:
`gitui --theme {{theme}}`
`gitui`
- Store logging output into a cache directory:
- Specify the filename of the color theme loaded from the config directory (defaults to `theme.ron`):
`gitui --logging`
`gitui {{[-t|--theme]}} {{theme2.ron}}`
- Store logging output into a specific file:
`gitui --logfile {{path/to/file}}`
- Inspect a specific file inside the repository in the current directory:
`gitui {{[-f|--file]}} {{path/to/file}}`
- Use notify-based file system watcher instead of tick-based update:
@@ -27,16 +35,8 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
- Use a specific Git directory:
`gitui --directory {{path/to/directory}}`
`gitui {{[-d|--directory]}} {{path/to/directory}}`
- Use a specific working directory:
`gitui --workdir {{path/to/directory}}`
- Display help:
`gitui --help`
- Display version:
`gitui --version`
`gitui {{[-w|--workdir]}} {{path/to/directory}}`

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- Print instructions on how to use `[[ ]]` for conditional commands:
`help [[ ]]`
`help [[`
- Print instruction on how to use `(( ))` to evaluate arithmetic expressions:
`help \( \)`
`help \(`
- Print instructions on how to use the `cd` command:

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# let
> Evaluate arithmetic expressions in shell.
> Supports variables, operators, and conditional expressions.
> More information: <https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bash.html#index-let>.
- Evaluate a simple arithmetic expression:

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---
syntax: markdown
tags: [tldr, linux]
source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
---
# explodepkg
> Extract the contents of a Slackware package to the current directory.
> See also: `installpkg`, `removepkg`, `upgradepkg`, `makepkg`, `pkgtool`.
> More information: <https://www.slackbook.org/html/book.html#PACKAGE-MANAGEMENT-EXPLODEPKG>.
- Extract a package to the current directory:
`explodepkg {{path/to/package.tgz}}`
- Extract multiple packages to the current directory:
`explodepkg {{path/to/package1.tgz}} {{path/to/package2.tgz}}`

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# fatrace
> Report file access events.
> See also: `inotifywait`.
> More information: <https://manned.org/fatrace>.
- Print file access events in all mounted filesystems to `stdout`:
`sudo fatrace`
- Limit output to a program with a specific name:
`sudo fatrace {{[-C|--command]}} {{program_name}}`
- Print file access events on the mount of the current directory, with timestamps, to `stdout`:
`sudo fatrace {{[-c|--current-mount]}} {{[-t|--timestamp]}}`
`sudo fatrace {{[-ct|--current-mount --timestamp]}}`

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---
syntax: markdown
tags: [tldr, linux]
source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
---
# imhex
> Hex editor for reverse engineers and programmers.
> More information: <https://docs.werwolv.net/imhex/>.
- Open a file in ImHex:
`imhex {{path/to/file}}`
- Create a new empty file:
`imhex --new`
- Open a file in the currently running ImHex instance and select a range of bytes (offsets in hexadecimal):
`imhex --open {{path/to/file}} --select {{0xstart_offset}} {{0xend_offset}}`
- Display information about a file:
`imhex --file-info {{path/to/file}}`
- Calculate the hash of a file using a specific algorithm (`md5`, `sha1`, `sha224`, `sha256`, `sha384`, `sha512`):
`imhex --hash {{algorithm}} {{path/to/file}}`
- Generate a hex dump of a file:
`imhex --hexdump {{path/to/file}}`
- Display version:
`imhex --version`

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# inotifywait
> Waits for changes to files.
> See also: `fatrace`.
> More information: <https://manned.org/inotifywait>.
- Watch a specific file for events, exiting after the first one:

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> Shell builtin for viewing information about processes spawned by the current shell.
> Options other than `-l` and `-p` are exclusive to Bash.
> See also: `fg`, `bg`, `disown`, `%`.
> More information: <https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bash.html#index-jobs>.
- View jobs spawned by the current shell:

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---
syntax: markdown
tags: [tldr, linux]
source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
---
# pkgdiff
> Compare the file contents of two Slackware packages.
> More information: <https://slackware.nl/slackware/slackware64-current/source/a/pkgtools/manpages/pkgdiff.8>.
- Compare two packages and display differences:
`pkgdiff {{path/to/package1.txz}} {{path/to/package2.txz}}`
- Compare two packages with colorized output:
`pkgdiff -c {{path/to/package1.txz}} {{path/to/package2.txz}}`
- Compare two packages and output a simple unified diff:
`pkgdiff -a {{path/to/package1.txz}} {{path/to/package2.txz}}`

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---
syntax: markdown
tags: [tldr, linux]
source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
---
# pkgtool
> Interactive menu-driven tool for managing Slackware packages.
> See also: `installpkg`, `removepkg`, `upgradepkg`, `makepkg`.
> More information: <https://www.slackbook.org/html/book.html#PACKAGE-MANAGEMENT-PACKAGE-UTILITIES-PKGTOOL>.
- Launch the interactive package tool:
`sudo pkgtool`
- Remove packages interactively:
`sudo pkgtool --remove_menu`
- View installed packages:
`pkgtool --view_menu`
- Install packages from the current directory:
`sudo pkgtool --install_menu`
- Set up packages interactively (run doinst.sh scripts):
`sudo pkgtool --setup_menu`

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# strace
> Troubleshooting tool for tracing system calls.
> See also: `fatrace`.
> More information: <https://manned.org/strace>.
- Start tracing a specific process by its PID:

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- Create a self-extracting binary file of a Zip archive:
`cat unzipsfx {{path/to/archive.zip}} > {{filename}} && chmod 755 {{filename}}`
`cat $(which unzipsfx) {{path/to/archive.zip}} > {{filename}} && chmod 755 {{filename}}`
- Extract a self-extracting binary in the current directory:

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---
syntax: markdown
tags: [tldr, linux]
source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
---
# upgradepkg
> Upgrade Slackware packages by replacing existing packages with new versions.
> See also: `installpkg`, `removepkg`, `makepkg`, `pkgtool`.
> More information: <https://slackware.nl/slackware/slackware64-current/source/a/pkgtools/manpages/upgradepkg.8>.
- Upgrade a package:
`sudo upgradepkg {{path/to/package.tgz}}`
- Upgrade a package, installing it if not already present:
`sudo upgradepkg --install-new {{path/to/package.tgz}}`
- Reinstall a package (even if the same version is already installed):
`sudo upgradepkg --reinstall {{path/to/package.tgz}}`
- Preview what would happen without actually upgrading:
`upgradepkg --dry-run {{path/to/package.tgz}}`
- Upgrade a package and show detailed progress:
`sudo upgradepkg --verbose {{path/to/package.tgz}}`

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# mariadb
> The mariadb client tool.
> More information: <https://mariadb.com/kb/en/mariadb-command-line-client/>.
> More information: <https://mariadb.com/docs/server/clients-and-utilities/mariadb-client/mariadb-command-line-client>.
- Connect to a specific MariaDB database:
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
- Connect to a specific MariaDB database using username and password:
`mariadb --user {{user_name}} --password {{your_password}} {{db_name}}`
`mariadb {{[-u|--user]}} {{user_name}} {{[-p|--password]}} {{your_password}} {{db_name}}`
- Show warnings after every statement in interactive and batch mode:

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---
syntax: markdown
tags: [tldr, common]
source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
---
# podman export
> Export the filesystem of a container and save it as a tarball on the local machine.
> See also: `podman import`, `podman save`.
> More information: <https://docs.podman.io/en/latest/markdown/podman-export.1.html>.
- Export a container's filesystem to a tar file:
`podman export {{[-o|--output]}} {{path/to/file.tar}} {{container_name_or_id}}`
- Export a container's filesystem to `stdout`:
`podman export {{container_name_or_id}} > {{path/to/file.tar}}`

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---
syntax: markdown
tags: [tldr, common]
source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
---
# podman image load
> This command is an alias of `podman load`.
- View documentation for the original command:
`tldr podman load`

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---
syntax: markdown
tags: [tldr, common]
source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
---
# podman import
> Import a tarball and save it as a filesystem image.
> See also: `podman export`, `podman save`.
> More information: <https://docs.podman.io/en/latest/markdown/podman-import.1.html>.
- Import a tarball from a local file and create an image:
`podman import {{path/to/tarball.tar}} {{image:tag}}`
- Import a tarball from a URL:
`podman import {{https://example.com/image.tar}} {{image:tag}}`
- Import a tarball and add a commit message:
`podman import {{[-m|--message]}} "{{commit_message}}" {{path/to/tarball.tar}} {{image:tag}}`
- Import a tarball and set a default command (required for running the container):
`podman import {{[-c|--change]}} CMD={{/bin/bash}} {{path/to/tarball.tar}} {{image:tag}}`

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---
syntax: markdown
tags: [tldr, common]
source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
---
# podman load
> Load an image from an oci-archive or a docker-archive created using podman save.
> See also: `podman save`, `podman import`.
> More information: <https://docs.podman.io/en/latest/markdown/podman-load.1.html>.
- Load an image from a tar file:
`podman load {{[-i|--input]}} {{path/to/file.tar}}`
- Load an image from a compressed tar file:
`podman load {{[-i|--input]}} {{path/to/file.tar[.gz|.bz2|.xz|.zst]}}`
- Load an image and display quiet output (only show the image ID):
`podman load {{[-q|--quiet]}} {{[-i|--input]}} {{path/to/file.tar}}`
- Load an image from `stdin`:
`podman < {{path/to/file.tar}} load`

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---
syntax: markdown
tags: [tldr, common]
source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
---
# podman save
> Save an image to a local file or directory.
> See also: `podman load`, `podman export`.
> More information: <https://docs.podman.io/en/latest/markdown/podman-save.1.html>.
- Save an image to a tar file:
`podman save {{[-o|--output]}} {{path/to/file.tar}} {{image:tag}}`
- Save an image to `stdout`:
`podman save {{image:tag}} > {{path/to/file.tar}}`
- Save an image with compression:
`podman save {{image:tag}} | {{[gzip|bzip2|xz|zstd|zstdchunked]}} > {{path/to/file.tar[.gz|.bz2|.xz|.zst|.zst]}}`
- Transfer an image to remote system with on-the-fly compression and progress bar:
`podman save {{image:tag}} | zstd {{[-T|--threads]}} 0 --ultra | pv | ssh {{username}}@{{remote_host}} podman load`

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---
# return
> Exit a function or a script if run with `source`.
> Exit a function.
> Can exit out of a script if run with `source`.
> See also: `exit`.
> More information: <https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bash.html#index-return>.
- Exit a function prematurely:

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> Generic POSIX shell variables (stored in `$SHELLOPTS`) are managed with the `set` command instead.
> More information: <https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bash.html#The-Shopt-Builtin>.
- List of all settable options and whether they are set:
- List of all setable options and whether they are set:
`shopt`

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# time
> Measure how long a command took to run.
> Note: `time` can either exist as a shell builtin, a standalone program or both.
> Note: `time` can either exist as a shell builtin, a standalone program, or both.
> See also: `times`.
> More information: <https://manned.org/time>.

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# times
> Print the cumulative CPU usage time of the current shell.
> First line is current shell CPU usage for User and System. Second is all child processes.
> See also: `time`.
> More information: <https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bash.html#index-times>.
- Print CPU usage. First line is current shell CPU usage for User and System. Second is all child processes:
- Print CPU usage:
`times`

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# true
> Returns a successful exit status code of 0.
> Use this with the || operator to make a command always exit with 0.
> More information: <https://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/manual/html_node/true-invocation.html>.
> See also: `false`.
> More information: <https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bash.html#index-true>.
- Return a successful exit code:
`true`
- Make a command always exit with 0:
`{{command}} || true`

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# ulimit
> Get and set resource limits for user processes.
> It is a shell builtin hence not shell-agnostic.
> This is a shell builtin hence not shell-agnostic.
> More information: <https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bash.html#index-ulimit>.
- Get the properties of all the user limits:

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> Remove shell variables or functions.
> More information: <https://www.gnu.org/software/bash/manual/bash.html#index-unset>.
- Remove the variable `foo`, or if the variable doesn't exist, remove the function `foo`:
- Remove variable, or if the variable doesn't exist, remove the function of the same name:
`unset {{foo}}`
`unset {{variable}}`
- Remove the variables foo and bar:
- Remove variables:
`unset -v {{foo}} {{bar}}`
`unset -v {{variable1 variable2 ...}}`
- Remove the function my_func:
- Remove the function:
`unset -f {{my_func}}`
`unset -f {{function_name1 function_name2}}`

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- Execute commands from a file:
`usql --file={{path/to/query.sql}}`
`usql {{[-f|--file]}} {{path/to/query.sql}}`
- Execute a specific SQL command:
`usql --command="{{sql_command}}"`
`usql {{[-c|--command]}} "{{sql_command}}"`
- Run an SQL command in the `usql` prompt:

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@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ source: https://github.com/tldr-pages/tldr.git
# xml
> XMLStarlet Toolkit: query, edit, check, convert, and transform XML documents.
> Some subcommands such as `xml validate` have their own usage documentation.
> Some subcommands such as `validate` have their own usage documentation.
> More information: <https://xmlstar.sourceforge.net/doc/UG/xmlstarlet-ug.html#idm47077139670224>.
- Display general help, including the list of subcommands: